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Conjoined twins

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When the early embryo divides, but incompletely, some form of conjoined twin is formed. They are always uniovular, and have one amnion, one chorion and one placenta.

There are many different types:

  • thoracopagus - twins joined by the sternum
  • pygopagus - joined by pelvis
  • craniopagus - joined by head

The degree of shared tissue may involve only skin at one extreme or whole organs at the other extreme. Siamese twins are connected by a common liver bridge.

Conjoined twins may be separated if they have no vital parts in common.


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The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

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