Classification of dry eye disease

Classification of dry eye disease (1)

• A. Etiopathogenic classification of dry eye disease
  • 1. Aqueous tear-deficient dry eye
    • a. Sjogren syndrome dry eye
    • b. Non-Sjogren syndrome dry eye
      • 1) Primary lacrimal gland deficiencies
      • 2) Secondary lacrimal gland deficiencies
      • 3) Obstruction of the lacrimal gland ducts
      • 4) Reflex hyposecretion
        • a) Reflex sensory block
        • b) Reflex motor block
  • 2. Evaporative dry eye
    • a. Intrinsic causes
      • 1) Meibomian gland dysfunction
      • 2) Disorders of lid aperature and lid/globe congruity or dynamics
      • 3) Low blink rate
    • b. Extrinsic causes
      • 1) Ocular surface disorders
      • 2) Contact lens wear
      • 3) Ocular surface disease
      • 4) Allergic conjunctivitis
• B. The causative mechanisms of dry eye
  • 1. Tear hyperosmolarity
  • 2. Tear film instability
• C. Classification of dry eye based on severity

Reference:

1. http://www.tearfilm.org/dewsreport/ 2007 Report of the International Dry Eye WorkShop (DEWS).